Understanding Your Risk of Uterine or Ovarian Cancer: Prevention, Screening, & Genetic TestingIf you’re worried about uterine or ovarian cancer, you’re not alone. Many women are concerned about their risk, especially if they have a family history of cancer. The good news is that cancer treatments and early detection strategies have made tremendous strides. You can take proactive steps to understand your risk, get screened, and potentially prevent these cancers.
Uterine cancer is the most common cancer of the female reproductive system, with most cases diagnosed in women over 50. Ovarian cancer, though less common, is often more concerning due to its subtle early symptoms and diagnosis at more advanced stages. It’s important to remember, however, that while these cancers can be serious, the overall risk for most women remains relatively low.
For women who are at higher risk—such as those with a family history of cancer or genetic mutations like BRCA1 or BRCA2—the key is vigilance and taking appropriate action.
Several factors can increase the risk of uterine or ovarian cancer, including:
If you recognize any of these risk factors in yourself, it doesn’t mean you will definitely develop cancer. But they do mean you should speak with your doctor about prevention and screening options.
Make sure to keep up with your regular gynecological exams. While there is no standard screening test for ovarian cancer, your doctor can perform pelvic exams and recommend imaging or blood tests if you have symptoms or are at higher risk.
For uterine cancer, abnormal bleeding can be an early sign, so never hesitate to report changes to your doctor.
Do you have a strong family history of breast, ovarian, or uterine cancer? Get genetic testing for mutations like BRCA1, BRCA2, or Lynch syndrome. This can provide valuable information about your risk.
If you do carry a genetic mutation, your doctor can help you develop a personalized monitoring or prevention plan. This could include more frequent screenings or preventive surgeries.
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle can lower your risk of many cancers. Keeping a healthy weight, staying physically active, and eating a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables can help. Limiting alcohol and avoiding smoking are also important steps in reducing cancer risk.
Hormone therapy for menopause symptoms may increase the risk of uterine and ovarian cancers. Talk to your doctor about the safest options for managing menopause symptoms if this concerns you.
It’s normal to feel anxious about cancer, especially if you’re at higher risk. But remember: Many women with risk factors never develop cancer, and early detection can greatly improve outcomes if cancer does occur.
Cancer treatments have become more advanced, with better survival rates than ever before. New surgical techniques, chemotherapy options, targeted therapies, and immunotherapy give women more hope and more options for successful treatment.
If you’re feeling overwhelmed, it may help to know that you’re not alone. At UVA Health, you can find all kinds of support, from genetic counselors to cancer support groups. It’s totally possible to feel more empowered about your health.
If you’re reading this, you’re already on the right path to reducing your risk and protecting your future. Keep on reading for more in-depth guidance and resources.
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I am the definition of someone who is at high risk for cancer. My aunt died from ovarian cancer at age 51. My mom passed away from breast cancer at 48.
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